The shiba inu is a breed which origninated from Japan. Not to be confused with the Akita, they are much smaller in size. They are also the smallest of the 6 breeds that have originated directly from Japan. It was a breed used for hunting a variety of game and was nearly wiped out due to World war II.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiba_Inu
http://www.akc.org/breeds/shiba_inu/did_you_know.cfm